Марказий Осиё эндокринологик журнали 4-jild 3-son (2024)
FEATURES OF THYROID STATUS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH GRAVES' DISEASE LIVING IN IODINE-DEFICIENT CONDITIONS
Муратова Шахло Тахиржановна, Алимов Анвар Валиевич
Annotatsiya
Relevance. Graves' disease (GD) is a hereditary organ-specific autoimmune disorder. The incidence of GD in children has increased by 27.3-30.1% over the last 10-20 years, with a more pronounced rise in the last decade. However, there is currently no consensus on the impact of iodine deficiency on the development and severity of GD in children. Purpose. To assess the features of thyroid status in children and adolescents living in a region with moderate iodine deficiency. Materials and Methods: A total of 310 children aged 2 years 11 months to 18 years were examined, divided into two groups: 213 patients with autoimmune endogenous hyperthyroidism with various morphological thyroid structures, and 97 relatively healthy children. Results: Diffuse toxic goiter (79.3%) was more frequently diagnosed in children with GD, while nodular goiter was observed in 12.2%, and multinodular goiter in 8.5% of children with hyperthyroidism. Among the latter, and Papillary thyroid cancer was confirmed in 3 children (42.9%) and follicular thyroid cancer in 4 children (57.1%). Girls were 3.8 times more likely to suffer from hyperthyroidism than boys, (p=0.004). 17.8% of children with GD had severe thyrotoxicosis. The mean levels of free T3 in children with hyperthyroidism living in an iodine-deficient region were 6 times higher, and free T4 levels were 4.6 times higher than in children without thyroid pathology. The mean levels of thyroid antibodies in children with hyperthyroidism indicated a pronounced autoimmune process in iodine-deficient conditions. In 79.5% of children with Graves' disease, anti-TSH receptor antibody levels were more than 5 times higher than normal. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate more severe courses of thyrotoxicosis, more frequent occurrence of nodular formations and thyroid cancer, and more pronounced autoimmune aggression in children living in iodine-deficient regions.
щитовидная железа, гипертиреоз, болезнь Грейвса, дети, подросткиthyroid gland, hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease, children, adolescentsqalqonsimon bez, gipertiroidizm, Graves kasalligi, bolalar, o'smirlar
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