Ma’mun Science Volume 4 Issue 4 (2026)
FORMATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN THE LOWER AMU DARYA REGION DURING THE STONE AND NEOLITHIC PERIODS
Салаев Умрбек Кадамбаевич
Abstract
This article analyzes the formation of socio-economic relations in the Lower Amu Darya region during the Stone, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods based on archaeological sources. The study examines the natural and climatic conditions of the region, patterns of human settlement, the development of a subsistence (appropriating) economy, and the structure of tribal communities. Using the examples of the Burli-3 and Jonbos-4 sites, hunting, fishing, and early forms of craft production are analyzed. In addition, a comparative analysis with the Ustyurt and Lower Zarafshan regions reveals the regional characteristics of socio-economic processes. The findings demonstrate that an appropriating economy dominated the Lower Amu Darya region for a long period.
Lower Amu Darya, Neolithic, Mesolithic, appropriating economy, tribal community, Jonbos-4, Burli-3, Ustyurt, fishing, potteryНижняя Амударья, неолит, мезолит, присваивающее хозяйство, родовая община, Джанбас-4, Бурли-3, Устюрт, рыболовство, гончарное ремеслоQuyi Amudaryo, neolit, mezolit, o‘zlashtiruvchi xo‘jalik, urug‘ jamoasi, Jonbos-4, Burli-3, Ustyurt, baliqchilik, kulolchilik
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