Klinik fanlar yilnomasi Volume 2 Issue 4 (2025)
SMOKING AS A SYSTEMATIC MODIFICATOR OF HEMODYNAMICS AND A RISK FACTOR FOR ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (literature review)
Эргашов Бобир Баходирович
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is considered one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, having a systemic effect on hemodynamics and blood pressure regulation. Under the influence of nicotine and toxic components of tobacco smoke, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the endothelial function is disrupted, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation processes intensify. These changes lead to a persistent increase in vascular tone, increased peripheral resistance, and the formation of arterial hypertension. The article analyzes the main pathophysiological mechanisms of smoking's impact on systemic and regional hemodynamics, and also examines the role of active and passive smoking in the development and progression of arterial hypertension. The clinical significance of quitting smoking as the most important non-medicinal direction in the prevention and comprehensive treatment of arterial hypertension has been emphasized.
smokingarterial hypertensionhemodynamicsendothelial dysfunctionsympathetic nervous systemrisk factorscardiovascular diseasesкурениеартериальная гипертензиягемодинамика
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