Интегративная стоматология и челюстно-лицевая хирургия Volume 4 Issue 3-4 (2025) · pp. 76-86
Assessment of the clinical and functional state of the oral cavity in dysbiosis and rational approaches in dental-orthopedic treatment
Джамбилов Р.С., Гаффоров С.А., Улугбекова Д.Р., Фазилбекова Г.А., Гаффорова С.С., Хамраев М.Ш.
Abstract
Relevance. The study discusses the dependence of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of oral cavity (OC) microorganism colonization on exogenous and endogenous factors, as well as on the design and number of removable dental prostheses (RDPs). The significance of various factors influencing the formation of oral microflora, referred to as “dysbiosis,” among the elderly population of Andijan city was evaluated. To develop a description of dysbiosis in healthy elderly individuals, the microbial “landscape” — including species composition, colonization level, and quantity — was determined, compared, and analyzed within clinical and dental contexts.Purpose of the study:To diagnose the dysbiotic condition of the oral cavity and to substantiate the significance of removable dental prostheses (RDPs) in the quantity, composition, and colonization of the normal microflora “landscape.”Object and methods of the study:The study involved men and women aged 18 to 60 years — a total of 260 individuals:Group I (diagnostic group I) — individuals with varying degrees of oral cavity dysbiosis — 105 participants, including 61 men (58.09%) and 44 women (41.9%), with an average age of 44.6 years.Group II (diagnostic group II) — individuals with different degrees of oral dysbiosis combined with the presence of removable dental prostheses — 96 participants, including 41 men (43.15%) and 54 women (56.84%), with an average age of 49 years.Group III (control group) — 60 healthy individuals (including 27 men and 33 women, average age 37 years) — were examined to determine the microbiological norm of the oral cavity.For all participants, clinical-laboratory and anamnestic studies were conducted to establish the microbiological norm of the oral cavity.Results.In healthy adults of Andijan city, the quantitative ranges of oral microflora were determined as follows: Lactobacillus titer — 10³–10⁴, Streptococcus spp. — 10⁵–10⁸, Str. pyogenes — 0, Leptotrichia — 10²–10⁴, Staphylococcus spp. — 10²–10⁴, Candida spp. — 10²–10³, conditionally pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae — 10–10², Corynebacterium — <10², Bacteroides — <10³, Veillonella — 10³–10⁸, Fusobacterium — 10³–10⁴, Staph. aureus — 0, Neisseria — 10⁵–10⁷.The dysbiotic state of the oral cavity was characterized as follows:Grade I — decrease in resident microflora;Grade II — alteration in the composition of resident and conditionally pathogenic microflora;Grade III — increased proliferation of Candida spp. fungi.A number of clinical and dental findings demonstrated the importance of replacing removable dental prostheses with zirconia and porcelain materials, as well as using infusions and fresh leaves of the medicinal plant dill (Anethum graveolens), in the restoration of oral microflora balance.Conclusions.A classification of the severity of oral cavity dysbiosis was developed, including descriptions of Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III, and normative indicators were established for the elderly population of Andijan city. A microbiological “landscape” of the oral cavity with removable dental prostheses was also characterized. The obtained results demonstrated that in clinical dental practice, particularly in orthopedic dentistry, the use of dill (Anethum graveolens) leaves and infusions contributes to improving treatment and preventive effectiveness, and can serve as a basis for predicting the outcomes of planned therapeutic and prophylactic measures.
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