Ўзбекистонда хорижий тиллар (электрон илмийметодик журнал) 68-том 3-сан (2026) · 47-64-беттер
THE THINKING LOGIC AND CULTURAL CODE OF EAST, WEST, SOUTH AND NORTH IN CHINESE LANGUAGE
Lei, Ma
Аннотация
This article examines the underlying cognitive logic and cultural code embedded in the Chinese directional concepts of east, west, south, and north. Drawing on data from Chinese lexicographical sources spanning classical and modern periods, including Shuowen Jiezi and Modern Chinese Dictionary, the study analyzes the semantic development, derivative lexical units, idiomatic expressions, and cultural meanings associated with these four cardinal directions. The research demonstrates that directional terms in Chinese are not merely geographical markers but important cultural symbols formed through a cognitive chain of natural observation, cultural interpretation, and social application. The analysis reveals that each direction embodies a distinct cultural value. East is associated with sunrise, vitality, honor, authority, and prosperity; west symbolizes sunset, completion, aging, and death; south represents light, warmth, nobility, favorable conditions, and social prestige; while north is connected with coldness, retreat, defeat, and negative connotations. Through the examination of representative words, idioms, and fixed expressions, the article shows how these directional concepts have influenced traditional Chinese etiquette, social hierarchy, architectural principles, military terminology, and philosophical perceptions of life and death. The findings indicate that directional vocabulary functions as a linguistic carrier of Chinese cultural memory, preserving traditional cultural values and worldview across generations. The study highlights the close relationship between language and culture underscoring the importance of understanding the cultural semantics of directional expressions in Chinese language teaching, intercultural communication, and linguistic research. Ultimately, directional words and their derivatives provide valuable insights into the cognitive patterns value system, and cultural identity of the Chinese people.
localizerseastwestsouthnorthcultural connotation
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