Яшил иқтисодиёт ва тараққиёт Ҷилди 4 № 8 (2026) · Саҳифаҳои 591-600
SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND ORGANISED CRIMINALITY IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT AND SOCIAL POLICY
Adams Adah Otakwu, Muhammad Auwal Sule
Аннотатсия
The persistence and diversification of organised criminality in Nigeria demonstrate thatpublic security requires a comprehensive approach extending beyond law-enforcement measures alone.Kidnapping, banditry, trafficking in persons, illicit drug markets, cybercrime, cult-related violence, maritimecrime, and illegal resource exploitation have significant implications for personal safety, livelihoods, education,displacement, community cohesion, and national development. This study examines the relationship betweensocial conditions and organised criminality in Nigeria and assesses its implications for law enforcementand social policy. It adopts a qualitative documentary research design supported by descriptive analysisof recent national and international evidence, principally covering 2021–2026. Evidence is drawn from theNational Bureau of Statistics (NBS), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), World Bank, UnitedNations Development Programme (UNDP), International Labour Organization (ILO), Global Initiative AgainstTransnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC), National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), and relevantscholarly literature. The findings indicate that multidimensional poverty, limited economic opportunities, youthvulnerability, social exclusion, displacement, weak community institutions, governance deficits, and inadequatesocial protection can create environments that may be exploited by organised criminal networks, althoughthese conditions do not independently or mechanically cause criminal behaviour. The findings further indicatethat organised criminality places substantial demands on law-enforcement institutions, particularly in the areasof intelligence, investigation, technology, inter-agency coordination, and community cooperation. Social policyis therefore considered an important preventive complement to law enforcement. The study concludes thatNigeria requires an integrated crime-governance framework combining effective law enforcement with socialprotection, employment, education, youth development, community resilience, rehabilitation, and evidencebasedsocial interventions.
organised criminality; social conditions; law enforcement; social policy; poverty; youth vulnerability; Nigeria; crime prevention
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