Innovation science and technologiy Ҷилди 2 № 5 (2026)
INVESTIGATION OF GERMANIUM EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY FROM TECHNOGENIC METALLURGICAL WASTE
Yormatov, Dostonbek, Shodiyev, Abbos, Muhammadiyev, Elbek
Аннотатсия
This study investigates the technological feasibility of extracting germanium (Ge) fromtechnogenic waste generated by the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex. Due to the increasing industrialdemand for Ge in semiconductor devices, infrared optics, fiber-optic communication systems, and solar energytechnologies, secondary technogenic resources are becoming an important alternative source of rare metals.The investigated waste materials contained Ge associated with sulfide, oxide, and silicate phases, togetherwith compounds of Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Si. Combined pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processingtechnologies were applied for germanium recovery. Preliminary preparation of technogenic materials includedcrushing, grinding, drying, and granulometric classification. Oxidative roasting was performed within thetemperature range of 600–900 °C to facilitate sulfur removal and the transformation of Ge-bearing mineralsinto soluble oxide forms. Hydrometallurgical treatment was carried out using sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acidleaching systems under controlled technological conditions. Experimental investigations demonstrated thatacidic oxidative media provided higher Ge extraction efficiency compared with alkaline systems. The highestrecovery rates were achieved during oxygen-assisted and tartaric acid leaching processes. Solvent extractionand sorption methods ensured the selective separation of Ge from impurity elements such as Fe, Zn, Cu, andPb. XRD, XRF, and AAS analyses confirmed the effectiveness of the developed processing technology andrevealed a significant improvement in Ge recovery after the thermal activation of technogenic materials. Theobtained results demonstrate that combined thermal and hydrometallurgical treatment technologies provideefficient and environmentally sustainable recovery of germanium from secondary industrial resources whilesimultaneously reducing industrial waste accumulation and expanding the utilization of technogenic rawmaterials.
germanium, technogenic waste, hydrometallurgy, oxidative roasting, acid leaching, solvent extraction, rare metals
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