Ижтимоий тадқиқотлар журнали – Журнал социальных исследований – Journal of Social Studies (электрон журнал) SI-1-нөмір (2026)
CONCEPTUAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION IN WESTERN COUNTRIES
Хусанова Хайринисо, Камилов Фарход
Аңдатпа
The article examines the processes of institutionalizing social protection measures in European countries at the level of state social policy. Alongside analysis from a social science perspective, the paper considers debates by proponents of biological determinism who argue that social protection drains state resources. Conversely, it interprets the views of humanistic thinkers regarding the rights of the needy to equal opportunities and benefits in civilized societies. The institutionalization of social protection is periodized and classified based on the objective functional and structural needs of Western states. The development of social protection systems in Western countries demonstrates that measures in this field were implemented within the framework of state policies by rulers and industrial associations. In light of contemporary global trends, the article analyzes the waning relevance of the "welfare state" concept, the shift from mass guardianship to individualized approaches in social protection, and social innovations in the field. Scientific and analytical conclusions are presented based on these innovations within the social protection system.
социальная защита, институционализация, эволюция, гражданское право, биологический детерминизм, бедность, дифференцированная индивидуальная помощь, маргинальность, нетрудоспособность, фрагментарность, государство всеобщего благосостояния, миграция, персональность, благосостояние, социальные риски, рабочие домаsocial protection, institutionalization, evolution, civil law, biological determinism, poverty, differentiated individual assistance, marginality, disability, fragmentation, welfare state, migration, personality, well-being, social risks, workhousesijtimoiy himoya, institutsionallashish, evolyusiya, fuqarolik huquqi, biologik determinizm, kambag‘allik, differensiallashgan individual yordamda, marginallik, mehnatga layoqatsizlik, fragmentarlik, umumfarovonlik davlati, migratsiya, personallik, farovonlik, ijtimoiy tahlikalar, mehnat uylari
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