Тамаддун нури Ҷилди 8 № 83 (2026) · Саҳифаҳои 291-297
THE LEGAL NATURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS AND THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THEIR REGULATION IN CROSS-BORDER COMMERCIAL RELATIONS
Turdialiyev, Muhammad Ali, Турдиалиев, Мухаммад Али, Turdialiyev, Muhammad Ali
Аннотатсия
The article analyses the legal nature of artificial intelligence systems and the specific features of regulating cross-border commercial relations arising with their involvement. The author comparatively examines three principal doctrinal approaches — the object concept, the electronic person concept and the agency concept — and demonstrates the consequences each entails from the standpoint of private international law. Drawing on Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, the Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence (CETS No. 225), the regulatory models of the United States and China, as well as the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of 21 January 2026 No. ZRU-1115, different regulatory techniques are compared. Particular attention is paid to the attribution of intent when contracts are concluded by autonomous systems, the operation of conflict-of-laws rules, the allocation of liability along the value chain, and evidentiary problems in international commercial arbitration. The article concludes with seven concrete proposals for improving the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
artificial intelligence, legal personality, electronic person, cross-border trade, conflict-of-laws rules, applicable law, autonomous contract, allocation of liability, international commercial arbitration, extraterritorial effect.искусственный интеллект, правосубъектность, электронное лицо, трансграничная торговля, коллизионные нормы, применимое право, автономный договор, распределение ответственности, международный коммерческий арбитраж, экстратерриториальное действие.sunʼiy intellekt, huquqiy subyektlik, elektron shaxs, transchegaraviy tijorat, kolliziya normalari, qoʻllaniladigan huquq, avtonom shartnoma, javobgarlikni taqsimlash, xalqaro tijorat arbitraji, ekstrahududiy taʼsir.
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